Publications

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There are increasing concerns about the bias and fairness of artificial intelligence (AI) models as they are put into clinical practice. Among the steps for implementing machine learning tools into clinical workflow, model development is an important stage where different types of biases can occur. This report focuses on four aspects of model development where such bias may arise: data…
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The increasing use of machine learning (ML) algorithms in clinical settings raises concerns about bias in ML models. Bias can arise at any step of ML creation, including data handling, model development, and performance evaluation. Potential biases in the ML model can be minimized by implementing these steps correctly. This report focuses on performance evaluation and discusses model fitness, as…
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We introduce, motivate, and exemplify a proposed theoretical construct guiding the design and facilitation of collaborative geometry activities, conceptually generative perspectival complementarity (CGPC). Participants in CGPC activities learn content by negotiating their respective perceptions of situated features they manipulate to accomplish task objectives. We first ground our framework in…

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Balance Board Math (BBM) is a new balance-based interface for math instruction. BBM integrates disparate work on embodied cognition and on sensory regulation to offer learners integrated opportunities to both self-regulate through movement and to use their sense of balance as a resource for conceptual understanding. This approach imagines beyond common views that self-initiated background…

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Language barriers between patients and clinicians contribute to disparities in quality of care. Machine Translation (MT) tools are widely used in healthcare settings, but even small mistranslations can have life-threatening consequences. We study how MT is currently used in medical settings through a qualitative interview study with 20 clinicians–physicians, surgeons, nurses, and midwives. We…

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We present an exploratory design study on visualizing laughter sounds for personal reflection. We experimented with a variety of graphic design elements to visualize temporal, spatial, and social aspects of laughter sounds. In order to experience their own laughter being visualized, our participants collected audio recordings of everyday conversations with their loved ones. We extracted…

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In this paper, an investigation is conducted in order to understand impacts of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) parameters on the convergence and the quality of the inverse kinematics solutions provided by the IK-PSO (inverse kinematics solver using PSO) – a heuristic inverse kinematics solver algorithm. Over a large panel of parameters investigations, a statistical proof of convergence is…

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As access barriers to in-person abortion care increase due to legal restrictions and COVID-19–related disruptions, individuals may be turning to the internet for information and services on out-of-clinic medication abortions. Google searches allow us to explore timely population-level interest in this topic and assess its implications. We examined the extent to which people searched for…

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Online harm is a prevalent issue in adolescents’ online lives. Restorative justice teaches us to focus on those who have been harmed, ask what their needs are, and engage in the offending party and community members to collectively address the harm. In this research, we conducted interviews and design activities with harmed adolescents to understand their needs to address online harm. They…

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Introduction

The infection fatality rate (IFR) of COVID-19 has been carefully measured and analysed in high-income countries, whereas there has been no systematic analysis of age-specific seroprevalence or IFR for developing countries.

Methods

We systematically reviewed the literature to identify all COVID-19 serology studies in…

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The COVID-19 pandemic has devastated many low- and middle-income countries, causing widespread food insecurity and a sharp decline in living standards. In response to this crisis, governments and humanitarian organizations worldwide have distributed social assistance to more than 1.5 billion people. Targeting is a central challenge in administering these programmes: it remains a difficult task…

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Some forms of movement, such as rocking, are common means of sensory self-regulation yet are discouraged in classroom contexts. We analyze the ableist underpinnings of this discouragement, and ask instead: could intrinsically attractive sensory activities such as rocking instead be solicited to serve content learning? Our design-based research project, Balance Board Math, fosters sensory–…

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The Internet of Things (IoT) has influenced technology in numerous ways. What started as a network of physical devices communicating over the Internet grew tremendously sophisticated by incorporating billions of devices and defining specific IoT domains. IoT has found its subdomains in many fields such as medicine, healthcare, robotics, etc., and several domains are yet to incorporate IoT. One…

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It is often said that quantum technologies are poised to change the world as we know it, but cutting through the hype, what will quantum technologies actually mean for countries and their citizens? In Law and Policy for the Quantum Age, Chris Jay Hoofnagle and Simson L. Garfinkel explain the genesis of quantum information science (QIS) and the resulting quantum technologies that are…

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Any nation’s growth depends on the trend of the price of fuel. The fuel price drifts have both direct and indirect impacts on a nation’s economy. Nation’s growth will be hampered due to the higher level of inflation prevailing in the oil industry. This paper proposed a method of analyzing Gasoline and Diesel Price Drifts based on Self-organizing Maps and Bayesian regularized neural networks.…